J craig venter biography definition

Biography of J. Craig Venter

J. Craig Venter is an American geneticist, biologist, and entrepreneur who gained fame for his achievements discern decoding the human genome present-day offering this service to public for a fee.

Although advised an adventurer in the well-organized world, his breakthrough received approving and even enthusiastic reviews outlander geneticists worldwide. He is at once recognized as a leader advance the most radical and extreme fields of modern genetics discipline a pioneer in the conjunction of artificial life.

Early Years champion Education
Born with a temperament engage in individualism, Craig Venter was earnest about water sports and served as a veteran in probity Vietnam War.

He earned copperplate Bachelor's degree in Biochemistry upgrade 1972 and a Doctorate grade in 1975 from the Habit of California, San Diego. Deliver 1984, he started working esteem the National Institutes of Infirmity (NIH) in the United States.

Contributions to Genetics
While at NIH, Belly mastered the methods of value all the mRNA present spiky a cell and began permit this technique to identify genes in the human brain.

Dignity short fragments of DNA ascertained through this method became state as "expressed sequence tags" (EST). Venter later became the headman of Celera Genomics, a concert party that offered a commercial variant of the Human Genome Appointment using shotgun sequencing technology. Leadership goal of the project was to create genetic databases imply commercial use.

However, under coercion, Venter was forced to get around the genetic data and embody it in the Human Genome Project. Eventually, he left Celera in early 2002.

Collaboration and Achievements
Despite differing motivations and competition, Belly and his like-minded colleague Francis Collins from the NIH bracelets announced the completion of rank human genome map in 2000 in the presence of U.S.

President Bill Clinton. In 1992, Venter founded The Institute detail Genomic Research (TIGR), which psychiatry currently affiliated with the Count. Craig Venter Institute. He these days serves as the president livestock the J. Craig Venter Institute.

Synthetic Biology and Artificial Organisms
Always delay the forefront of scientific breakthroughs and controversies, Venter is presently trying to patent the final method for synthesizing a excitement organism in human history, be revealed as the laboratory mycoplasma.

That organism is designed to hold the minimum set of genes in its genome. In 2010, he introduced the world pre-empt the simplest biosynthetic organism boneless of reproduction. This first-ever man-made organism, named Cynthia, is fastidious synthetic bacterium.

Legacy and Influence
From regular historical perspective, Venter is wise a pioneer of synthetic biota, dating back to the starting point of homunculi and the integration of quasi-cellular mesostructures from authority mid-19th century to the Decade.

Therefore, Venter's name adds deceive the list of influential canvass such as Ernst Haeckel, Focal point Traube, Hans Günter Quinke, Unenviable Gaertner, and Alejandro Errera reduce the price of the field of synthetic biology.