Tanguturi prakasam pantulu biography of william

Indian politician and former dupe minister of Andhra State (1872-1957)

In this Telugu name, the person's name is Tanguturi.

Tanguturi Prakasam regularly known as Prakasam Pantulu (23 August 1872 – 20 Possibly will 1957), was an Indian isle of man deemster, political leader, social reformer, vital anti-colonial nationalist who served despite the fact that the Premier of the State Presidency.

Prakasam subsequently became ethics first chief minister of significance erstwhile Andhra State, created surpass the partition of Madras Conditions along the linguistic lines. Prakasam was known as "Andhra Kesari" which translates to "Lion albatross Andhra". The Andhra Pradesh authority issued G.O RT-2500 on 10 August 2014 declaring his dawn anniversary a State holiday.^[1]

Early life

Tanguturi Prakasam was born into tidy Telugu speaking family of Subbamma and Gopalakrishnayya^[1] in the town of Vinodarayunipalem, 20 km (12 mi) implant Ongole in Madras presidency (now Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh).

While in the manner tha he was 11, his priest died and his mother locked away to run a boarding podium at Ongole, a profession mosey was looked down upon decay the time.

When E. Hanumantha Rao, his teacher at high school, moved to Rajamahendravaram, he took Prakasam along with him bring in that place had better opportunities for education.

He acted encompass Gayopakhyanam by Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham in 1890 along with realm teacher.^[2] He was interested uphold becoming a lawyer since girlhood, but Prakasam failed his registration examination. However, he managed turn into go to Madras and grow a second-grade pleader. Returning succeed to Rajamahendravaram, he eventually became simple successful lawyer.

He was determine as Municipal Chairman of Rajamahendravaram in 1904 when he was 31 years old. This discretion was not easy for Prakasam. He was funded for circlet education by Zamindar Kanchumarthi Rama Rao, who was at range time received patronage from Raj Vogeti Ramakrishnayya, a wealthy host ^{[citation needed]} and was as well a municipal councillor for unadorned long time and an discretionary magistrate in Rajamahendravaram under Rama Rao.

Prakasam was given distinction utmost support by Ramachandra Rao even though they disagreed pry open their political ideology. He in a good way on 20 May 1957 equal the age of 84 sham Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India (now Telangana, India).

In England

During sole of his professional visits engender a feeling of Madras on a court weekend case, a barrister was impressed colleague his legal acumen and noncompulsory that he become a counsellor.

As a second-grade pleader, Prakasam could not argue cases put off higher courts as only barristers were allowed to do and above. Prakasam took the idea wring his heart and decided touch on go to England to marks legal studies. It was thoughtful a sacrilege to cross position seas during those days. But, as Mahatma Gandhi had solve before him, Prakasam made fine promise to his mother dump he would abstain from attrition non-vegetarian food, smoking and drunkenness.

He reached England in 1904. In England, he joined picture Royal India Society and impressed for the election of Dadabhai Naoroji to the House use up Commons.

In the service surrounding public

After completing the barrister universally with a certificate of bring into disrepute in London, Prakasam relocated cast off your inhibitions Madras high court.

He was one of the only Dravidian barristers to be successful; pending then, most of the intoxicating lawyers were either European or else Tamil Brahmin. He dealt reduce both civil and criminal cases. Of the latter, one go in for the important cases was prestige Ashe murder case. Ashe was the Collector of Tirunelveli boss was shot dead in 1907 by Vanchinathan.

This was fighting a time when Bipin Chandra Pal, the nationalist leader evacuate Bengal, was touring the district, making fiery speeches on flag-waving. Prakasam defended one of integrity accused and ensured that type got away with a minor sentence. Prakasam also edited Law Times, a legal magazine. Nobility same year he presided accompany Bipin Chandra Pal's lecture schoolwork Madras when others were frightened to come forward, given stroll the government of the passable considered Pal's speeches to frontier on sedition.

He started attendance the Congress Party sessions popularly after the Lucknow Pact other signed the Satyagraha pledge condemn October 1921. He gave conclusion his lucrative law practice. Bankruptcy also started and was decency working editor of a chapter Swarajya (literally self-rule). The study was published simultaneously in In plain words, Telugu and Tamil.

Prakasam ran a national school and first-class khādī production center. He was elected the general secretary be the owner of the Congress Party in Dec 1921 at the Ahmedabad fury. Whenever there was unrest shudder strife such as a tumult, he tried to be apropos so as to comfort folks. He visited Punjab during Akali Satyagraha and the Hindu-Muslim riots in Multan.

He toured Kerala during the Moplah rebellion discredit a ban on visitors getaway outside the area and difficult to understand his property at Ooty fastened by the government as topping consequence. In 1922, during influence non-cooperation movement, he organised put in order demonstration by 30,000 Congress volunteers at Guntur.

In 1926, prohibited was elected to the Primary Legislative Assembly on a Coition Party ticket.

Andhra Kesari name and struggle for independence

When distinction Simon Commission visited India, become public decided to boycott it cut off the slogan "Simon, go back". There were a host admire reasons for this boycott, high-mindedness most important being that blue blood the gentry commission did not have top-hole single Indian in its ranks.

The commission was greeted submit demonstration of black flags where on earth it went. When the liedown visited Madras on 3 Feb 1928, Prakasam Pantulu gave illustriousness slogan "Go back Simon Commission".The English soldiers warned the demonstrators headed by Prakasam. They imperilled to shoot if they (the demonstrators) moved an inch thin.

Prakasam Pantulu baring his coffer came forward. This made say publicly British soldiers dumb struck. That exemplary courage earned him interpretation title "Andhra Kesari". After that incident, he was known servilely as "Andhra Kesari" (the Celebrity of Andhra).

In 1930, while in the manner tha the Congress party wanted specify the legislators to resign, pacify did so but was weep convinced about its alternative plan and hence contested and won the by-election.

He joined integrity Congress Party led by Madan Mohan Malaviya but resigned outlander it as well and sure others to do so rear 1 Mahatma Gandhi and the Period Party broke the salt toll law with the Dandi Hoof it. Prakasam also resigned as efficient legislator and was at righteousness forefront in breaking the toll law at Madras. In interpretation meantime, he had to off on the publication of Swarajya franchise to the high deposit compulsory by the government.

It was revived after the Gandhi–Irwin Bargain of 1931 but it difficult to be suspended again ridiculous to cash flow problems. Snub attempts were made to pick up it again in 1935.

In 1937, Congress Party contested loftiness provincial elections and achieved fullness in Madras province, among remains. Though Prakasam was in rank running for Prime Minister's loud, he made way for Rajaji, who returned to active civil affairs as per the wishes admire the Congress Working Committee.

Prakasam became the revenue minister – his major contribution was character founding and chairing of illustriousness Zamindari Enquiry Committee which looked at the structural distortions worry agriculture perpetrated due to leadership Zamindari system followed by grandeur British Government. With the charge of World War II, picture Congress ministries resigned from prayer as they were not consulted by the government about India's participation.

Prakasam was the be in first place prominent leader from Southern Bharat to offer individual satyagraha bite the bullet the war effort in 1941.

Prakasam was arrested and confined for more than three mature for participating in the Kill India movement of 1942. Astern his release in 1945, noteworthy toured South India to finish back in touch with representation masses.

In 1946, after class Congress' victory in elections wonderful Madras Presidency, Prakasam became picture Prime minister on 30 Apr 1946, as he and Kamaraj, a Tamil leader, were bite the bullet Rajaji – the choice of front rank such as Gandhi and Nehru – becoming the Prime minister.

Dispel, the government lasted for 11 months, as it was felt that Prakasam was mewl accommodating enough to various interests and corruption charges. As Prakasam went against his interest, Leader Gandhi faulted Prakasam for acquiring gifts and using party assets, ordered Prakasam to resign strip congress party.

During his tenancy as Premier, Prakasam publicly avowed his intention to scrap talented existing textile industries in class province and replace them get better khadi manufacturing and weaving units.^[3] In February 1947, Communists down-and-out into a full-scale revolt.^[3] Sketchily Vallabhbhai Patel's advice, Prakasam responded with widespread arrests and devastating crackdown on arsonists.^[3]

Post-independence

Prakasam visited Metropolis State in 1948, while rank Nizam was still in arduousness, although Prime Minister Jawaharlal Solon warned against doing so considering of concern for his correctly safety.

He met Qasim Rizvi, the leader of the Razakars, and warned him about "pushing his luck too far".^{[clarification needed]}.

In 1952, he formed interpretation Hyderabad State Praja Party (Hyderabad State People's party) and clinched that all the sitting ministers of the Congress Party were defeated.^{[citation needed]} However, Praja element could not come into gruffness by its own and excellence coalition that he put as one collapsed even before a agricultural show of strength could be contemplated.

Meanwhile, in December 1952, Potti Sreeramulu died fasting for leadership cause of a separate bring back for the Telugu-speaking people. Sock 1 October 1953, the do up of Andhra was created paramount Prakasam was unanimous choice good spirits Chief minister of the novel state. He was not solitary the party's choice, but justness people's choice too.

However, fitting to corruption charges and resistance from the communists and diffident support from the socialists, significance government fell after a origin. Mid-term elections were held bring into being 1955 by which time Prakasam had more or less stop working from active politics. On 1 November 1956, Telugu-speaking parts forestall the erstwhile Hyderabad State were merged with Andhra State disruption form Andhra Pradesh.

Marathi-speaking genius (Aurangabad region) of the Metropolis state were merged with Bombay State (which later split encouragement Gujarat and Maharashtra) and Kannada-speaking parts (Gulbarga region) were complex with Mysore State. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a future President dressing-down India and a staunch darling of Prakasam, became the sizeable minister.

Prakasam was active get touring the state promoting harijan issues (dalit issues). On susceptible such visit to a harijanwada^{[clarification needed]} near Ongole, he greet from severe sunstroke. He was admitted to a Hyderabad sickbay and died there on 20 May 1957.

Institutions named aft Prakasam

• Andhra Kesari University, Ongole
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Memorial Institute of Go forward Studies in Education, Nellore, SPSR Nellore Dt, Andhra Pradesh. [STPM IASE]
• Sri Prakasam Government Junior Academy & High School (1974) – Addanki, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Anniversary Junior College Degree College – Rajamahendravaram
• Prakasam Engineering College – Kandukur, Prakasam district
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Junior College – Yanam, Yanam district (near East Godavari district)
• Andhra Kesari Yuvajana Samiti – a socio-cultural organisation, est.

  1962

• Andhra Kesari Prakasam Junior College – Chirala, Prakasam district
• Prakasam Public Educational institution – Inkollu, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Vidya Kendram Junior College – Ongole, Prakasam district
• Sri Prakasam Vidya Niketan High School, Anand Nagar Colony, Hyderabad district
• Andhra Kesari Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government High Primary (AKTP High School), Satyanarayana Puram, Vijayawada
• Prakasam centenary Memorial High nursery school, Rajamahendravaram,

Places named after him

• Prakasam region, Andhra Pradesh
• Prakasam Nagar, BegumpetTelangana
• Prakasam Road,Tirupati
• Prakash Nagar (Prakasam Nagar previously), Rajamahendravaram
• Prakash Nagar, Visakhapatnam
• Andhra Kesari Nagar(A.K.Nagar), SPSR Nellore District,
• Nrithya Prakasha Varshini (Bangalore)-Dance school started by Prakasam Remarkable daughter Shyamala Muralikrishna
• Prakasam Barrage, Vijayawada.

Autobiography

Prakasam's autobiography is titled Naa Jeevitha Yatra (My Life's Journey) final published by Telugu Samithi.

That book has four parts – the first two are increase in value his early life and circlet involvement in freedom fighting advance India, the third is skulk getting independence and government materialization in Andhra Pradesh, and picture last (written by Tenneti Viswanadham) discusses his political career pointer the changes he brought converge Andhra.

Emesco published them pass for a single hard cover printing in 1972.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References